FGL Peptide | FGL (d) Peptide

Background information on FGL peptide: Neurocyte Adhesion Molecules

Neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules, mainly expressed on the surface of neurons and glial cells, and are the most expressed cell adhesion molecules in the central nervous system.

Neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) have biological functions such as inducing neurogenesis, promoting neural differentiation, and protecting neural cells, playing a crucial regulatory role in the development and function of the nervous system.

Abnormal expression of NCAM can hinder the growth of new neurons, blocking the connections between nerve cells, not only affecting the development of the nervous system, but also closely related to the occurrence of mental diseases such as schizophrenia and depression.

In addition, NCAM can also promote the regeneration and repair of nerve injuries such as spinal cord injury and brain injury, while NCAM deficiency can promote apoptosis of nerve cells at the injury site.

FGL Peptide Structure and Type

FGL peptide is a bioactive peptide containing 15 amino acids designed based on the spatial structure of NCAM and its binding sites with fibroblast growth factor receptors.

As a core functional segment of NCAM, FGL not only protects nerves and induces neural differentiation, but also has various pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory and regulatory effects on neural plasticity. It is widely used in ischemic brain injury, elderly cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease

The treatment and application of neurological and psychiatric diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and depression have shown great value.

FGL peptide research

At present, the research objects in vivo and in vitro are dimers and tetramers of FGL. Although FGL monomers can also activate FGFR, their efficiency is much lower than that of dimers and tetramers.

FGL Peptide Synthesis Method

There are two main synthesis methods for FGL dimers. One is through the Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis method, where two FGL monomers are connected at the N-end of the peptide using iminodiacetic acid and acetylated at the C-end. This design can simultaneously bind two FGFRs, playing a key role in receptor phosphorylation and downstream signal transduction.

Another method is also used for Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis, using lysine residues to connect two FGL monomers at the C-end of the peptide. Both FGL synthesized by the above two methods are active.

The first method is currently commonly used for synthesis, which is also known as FGL (L) through N-terminal connection of FGL dimers. FGL tetramer (FGL (d)) is a dendritic molecule synthesized from four FGL monomers using lysine as the backbone. Dimer and tetramer FGL (d) have similar biological functions, but FGL (L) has characteristics such as low molecular weight, subcutaneous injection ability, and has been widely studied in clinical trials.

FGL Peptides have the Following Research Aspects:

1. Ischemic brain injury has a protective effect,

2. Anti senile cognitive impairment

3. Anti Alzheimer's disease (AD) effect

4. Anti epileptic effect

5. Anti depression and anti schizophrenia effects

FGL Peptide / FGL(d)

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